IT: Programs & Hardwares -> Components

 Components

    As we already mentioned, in this article we will talk about computer's components!

CPU:

 When you select your CPU, you'll need to be sure it's compatible with your motherboard--the circuit bound that connects all our components together.

CPU manefactures:

•      Intel core i7                                                
  
•      Snapdragon 810
•      AMD Athlon
•      Apple A8

 CPU sockets:

• LGA that stands for Land Grind Array
• PGA that stands for Pin Grind Array

    The CPU is overheating, so we have to include a heat sink with it.

 A heat sink take heat from CPU and dissipates it trough a fan or another medium.

 

 

    In addition, we should also verify if the CPU is 32 bits or 64 bits architecture like our computer.

RAM:

RAM that stands for Random Access Memory, and it's volatile (short term memory).

We have lots of types of RAM, but in our computers, we only found DRAM that stands   for Dynamic Random Access Memory!

On motherboard, we found lots of memory sticks that DRAM chips are put on!

The more modern chips, are DIMM chips, which usually stands for Dual Inline Memory Module.

    We can found different sizes of pins on those chips! 

    SDRAM that stands for Synchronous DRAM

    In today's systems we use DDR SDRAM that stands for Double Data Rate SDRAM.

    Types: 

       DDR1, DDR2, DDR3, & DDR4 that is the fastest type!

 Pay Attention!

    Before buying our RAM, we should verify that it fits with the sticks.

Motherboard:

The foundation that holds our computer together.

Key characteristics:

Chipset: 

    Decides how components talk to each others on our computer.

    It made of two chipset:

• Northbridge that interconnects stuff like Ram & videocards.
• Southbridge that maintain our I/O (Input/Output) controllers (USB, mouse,....). 
  

Peripherals:

    External devices that we connect to our computer like mouse, keyboard, monitors....

Expansion Slots:

    Give us the ability to increase the functionality of our computers like upgrade graphics cards

    Expansion slots stands for PCI express (peripheral component interconnect express). 

Form Factor:

    Determine the amount of stuff we can put on the motherboard.

    The most commun form factors:

• ATX: Advanced Technology Extended (full sized ATX's)
• ITX: Information Technology Extended & is smaller than ATX (miniATX, ManoITX, PicoITX)
  

Storage:

    To understand storage, we should know what is data sizes?!

    The smallest is a bit, that store one binary digit (1 or 0).

    Next, we have byte! 1 byte = 8 bits, it stores one single number or character.

8 bits            =       1 byte

1024 bytes    =      1 Kilobytes (KB)

1024 KB       =      1 Megabytes (MB)

1024 MB      =     1 Gigabytes (GB)

1024 GB       =     1 Terabytes (TB)

    While talking about storage, you could hear about RPM that stands for revolution per minute, & SSD that stands for Solide State Drive.

    Interfaces to connect: ATA interfaces, SATA drives or hot swappable that move data faster & use more efficient cables. 

    And because  SATA couldn't keep up with the speed, we use NVM express (NVME).

    Now, we've talked about all those components that need electricity to work! In the next article we'll talk about power supplies and how computers convert electricity to use it!

                                                                                                     THANKS for READING!

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